Introduction
A Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP) lets you draw regular income from an investment corpus while the remainder continues to be invested. This calculator simulates monthly portfolio growth at an expected return and monthly withdrawals to show whether a chosen withdrawal amount is sustainable over a specified duration. It is useful for retirees, investors seeking regular cash flow, and planners designing income distribution strategies from a lump-sum portfolio.
What is this calculator?
This tool models the interaction between portfolio returns and fixed periodic withdrawals. It projects how the corpus evolves month by month: each month the corpus grows by the expected monthly return and then the specified withdrawal is deducted. The calculator reports remaining corpus, cumulative withdrawals, and the aggregate growth across the simulation period.
How it works
Input an initial corpus, a monthly withdrawal amount, expected annual return, and duration. The calculator converts the annual return to a monthly rate and applies that growth before deducting the monthly withdrawal. If the portfolio becomes exhausted before the end of the duration, the simulation stops withdrawals and reports the exhaustion month and total withdrawals up to that point.
This deterministic simulation assumes a constant average return—real markets fluctuate, and early negative returns can dramatically shorten the life of withdrawals (sequence-of-returns risk). Use conservative return assumptions when planning for long horizons.
Formula
Each month: New Corpus = (Previous Corpus × (1 + r_month)) − Withdrawal. Repeat for n months and sum withdrawals. Here, r_month = annual_return/12/100, and n = months.
Formula explanation
The model uses monthly compounding to reflect how investment growth accumulates between withdrawals. Compounding before withdrawal represents a conservative approach because some funds grow before being taken out. The cumulative withdrawal figure shows total cash taken from the portfolio across the simulation horizon.
Worked example
Example: Initial corpus Rs. 50,00,000, expected annual return 8% (monthly ≈ 0.643%), monthly withdrawal Rs. 40,000, duration 15 years (180 months). The calculator compounds the corpus each month and subtracts the withdrawal. If the balance remains positive through month 180, the result shows remaining corpus and total withdrawals; if it depletes earlier, you’ll see the exhaustion month and the total amount withdrawn until then. This helps evaluate how realistic a withdrawal plan is under a given return assumption.
Benefits
- Helps test withdrawal levels against expected returns.
- Provides a straightforward monthly simulation that is easy to interpret.
- Useful for retirees, endowment-like planning, or phased drawdown strategies.
Common mistakes
- Assuming the average return will be delivered evenly—volatility matters.
- Not accounting for taxes, withdrawal fees, or inflation.
- Setting withdrawals so high they deplete the corpus quickly in downside scenarios.
Educational note
SWP works best when paired with a resilient asset allocation and contingency buffers. Consider laddering liquid assets or keeping a short-term cash buffer to avoid selling long-term investments during market downturns. For long-duration withdrawals, consider blending glide-path approaches that adjust allocation as time passes or as the corpus changes.
Related calculators
See FIRE for corpus targets, Retirement for corpus projections and savings plans, and Emergency Fund for short-term reserves that support withdrawal stability.
Disclaimer: This simulation is educational only and does not account for taxes, transaction costs, or unpredictable market events. Consult a professional before making withdrawal decisions.